Exponent Calculator

Calculate any base raised to any power, including negative and fractional exponents

Exponent Calculator

Calculate powers and exponents

Exponent Calculator

Compute base raised to any exponent

Formula
result = base ^ exponent

What Is an Exponent?

An exponent (or power) tells you how many times to multiply a base number by itself. Written as bⁿ — "b raised to the power n" — exponents are a compact way to express repeated multiplication. They appear everywhere: compound interest uses A = P(1+r)ⁿ to project growth, areas use side² for squares, volumes use side³ for cubes, and scientific notation uses powers of 10 to express very large or very small numbers without writing out all the zeros.

This calculator handles any combination of base and exponent — positive, negative, or fractional. Negative exponents give you reciprocals: b⁻ⁿ = 1/bⁿ, so 2⁻³ = 1/8. Fractional exponents represent roots: b^(1/2) = √b (square root), b^(1/3) = ∛b (cube root). Any decimal exponent like 0.5 or 0.333 works the same way, letting you compute roots without a separate root calculator.

How to Use the Exponent Calculator

  1. Enter the base number — this is the number being multiplied (can be positive, negative, or a decimal).
  2. Enter the exponent — can be any number: positive, negative, a fraction like 1/2, or a decimal like 0.5.
  3. Click Calculate to compute the result.
  4. Read the result in both standard notation and scientific notation where applicable.

Exponent Formulas & Rules

bⁿ = b × b × b × ... (n times) Negative exponent: b⁻ⁿ = 1 / bⁿ Zero exponent: b⁰ = 1 (for any b ≠ 0) Fractional exponent: b^(1/n) = ⁿ√b Exponent rules: bᵐ × bⁿ = b^(m+n) (product rule) bᵐ / bⁿ = b^(m−n) (quotient rule) (bᵐ)ⁿ = b^(m×n) (power rule) (ab)ⁿ = aⁿ × bⁿ (distributive)

Any nonzero number raised to the power of 0 equals 1. The expression 0⁰ is considered indeterminate in mathematics — different fields handle it differently, but in most practical contexts it is treated as 1.

Worked Examples

2¹⁰ = 1,024

Powers of 2 are fundamental in computing. 2¹⁰ = 1,024 is the basis of the binary prefix "kilo" — 1 kilobyte (KB) = 2¹⁰ bytes = 1,024 bytes. Similarly, 2²⁰ = 1,048,576 (1 MB) and 2³⁰ ≈ 1.07 billion (1 GB).

4^0.5 = 2

A fractional exponent of 0.5 is the same as a square root. So 4^0.5 = √4 = 2. This works for any base: 9^0.5 = 3, 25^0.5 = 5, 100^0.5 = 10. Use exponent 0.333 (or 1/3) to compute cube roots.

3⁻² = 1/9 ≈ 0.1111

A negative exponent flips the result into a fraction. 3⁻² = 1/3² = 1/9 ≈ 0.1111. Negative exponents are common in physics and chemistry — for example, acceleration is measured in m·s⁻² (meters per second squared) and concentration in mol·L⁻¹.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does any number to the power of 0 equal?
Any nonzero number raised to the power of 0 equals 1 — for example, 5⁰ = 1, 100⁰ = 1, and (−7)⁰ = 1. This follows from the quotient rule: bⁿ / bⁿ = b^(n−n) = b⁰, and any number divided by itself is 1. The case 0⁰ is mathematically indeterminate, though it is often defined as 1 in combinatorics and computer science.
How do you calculate a negative exponent?
To calculate a negative exponent, first compute the positive version, then take the reciprocal (flip it into a fraction). For example: 2⁻⁴ = 1/2⁴ = 1/16 = 0.0625. Think of it as the exponent "going in the opposite direction" — instead of multiplying the base, you are dividing by it repeatedly.
What do fractional exponents mean?
A fractional exponent like b^(1/n) means the nth root of b. So b^(1/2) = √b (square root), b^(1/3) = ∛b (cube root), and b^(1/4) = ⁴√b (fourth root). More generally, b^(m/n) = (ⁿ√b)ᵐ — take the nth root first, then raise to the power m. This is why entering 0.5 as the exponent gives you the square root.
How do exponents relate to scientific notation?
Scientific notation uses powers of 10 to write very large or very small numbers compactly. For example, the speed of light is about 3 × 10⁸ m/s — instead of writing 300,000,000. The exponent tells you how many places to move the decimal point: positive exponents move it right (large numbers), negative exponents move it left (tiny numbers like 0.000001 = 10⁻⁶).
What is the difference between 2³ and 3²?
2³ means 2 × 2 × 2 = 8, while 3² means 3 × 3 = 9. Exponentiation is not commutative — the base and exponent play different roles. The base is the number being multiplied, and the exponent is the count of how many times it is multiplied by itself. Swapping them usually gives a different result (the only exceptions are pairs like 2⁴ = 4² = 16).